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The Never-Christian Nation
The United States of America was never, in any formal, official, or de jure sense, a Christian nation by design. Have the majority of Americans always been Christians? Yep. Nobody's disputing that. Did many of the Founding Fathers look upon religious faith, especially Christianity, as a source of virtuous behavior? Yep. Has the Bible exerted a significant influence upon all of American culture? Yup. But were the overwhelming majority of Founding Fathers "orthodox Christians" who deliberately established a formal Christian nation, as in a Christian State? Nope, not a hint of any such intention. The Federalist Papers contain extensive writings by three influential Founding Fathers: Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and none other than the chief architect of the Constitution himself, James Madison. Sift through all 85 of these writings, and you will find not one hint of any intention to establish an officially Christian nation. The Federalist Papers mention not Jesus, not Christ, not the Bible, nor was the Christian faith introduced as a topic of political architecture. Nowhere is the word "holy" used. The Federalist #19 -- alone -- mentions Christianity in a passing manner: "In the early ages of Christianity, Germany was occupied by seven distinct nations, who had no common chief." If the Founding Fathers had intended to establish an officially Christian nation, the failure of the Federalist Papers even to touch upon the subject is an inexplicable abyss of silence. Neither do the Anti-Federalist papers suggest such a thing; none mention Jesus, Christ, or the Bible; God is mentioned only five times; and just one (#73) notes the existence of state-level formal establishments of religion -- and explicitly contrasts this with the ideal of perfect freedom of conscience: "Unfortunately, they do not stand single, and this is not the only instance that we find in the constitutions of the different states, of a general principle being expressly declared as a part of the natural rights of the citizens, and afterwards being as expressly contradicted in the practice. Thus we find it declared in every one of our bills of rights, "that there shall be a perfect liberty of conscience, and that no sect shall ever be entitled to a preference over the others." Yet in Massachusetts and Maryland, all the officers of government, and in Pennsylvania the members of the legislature, are to be of the Christian religion..." Not only is the sheer absence of any stated intent to form a Christian nation a compelling argument against it, but had ours ever been an officially Christian nation, the National Reform Association -- a group that still exists today -- would never have felt the need to press for a Constitutional amendment that would have formally recognized this as a Christian nation. I mean, why would this organization -- in the 19th century -- seek passage of a Constitutional amendment to establish what had already been the case? Of course. It never was the case that this was a formally Christian nation -- so the National Reform Association sought to make it so. But wait; there's more. The Treaty of Tripoli reads, in part: "As the Government of the United States of America is not, in any sense, founded on the Christian religion; as it has in itself no character of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquillity, of Mussulmen; and, as the said States never entered into any war, or act of hostility against any Mahometan nation, it is declared by the parties, that no pretext arising from religious opinions, shall ever produce an interruption of the harmony existing between the two countries." This treaty was unanimously approved on the Senate floor on June 7, 1797 and signed by President John Adams. James Madison, the Constitution's chief designer, can hardly be construed as an advocate of a formal religious state. His famous Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments says it all: "1. Because we hold it for a fundamental and undeniable truth, "that Religion or the duty which we owe to our Creator and the manner of discharging it, can be directed only by reason and conviction, not by force or violence." The Religion then of every man must be left to the conviction and conscience of every man; and it is the right of every man to exercise it as these may dictate. This right is in its nature an unalienable right. It is unalienable, because the opinions of men, depending only on the evidence contemplated by their own minds cannot follow the dictates of other men: It is unalienable also, because what is here a right towards men, is a duty towards the Creator. It is the duty of every man to render to the Creator such homage and such only as he believes to be acceptable to him. This duty is precedent, both in order of time and in degree of obligation, to the claims of Civil Society. Before any man can be considered as a member of Civil Society, he must be considered as a subject of the Governour of the Universe: And if a member of Civil Society, who enters into any subordinate Association, must always do it with a reservation of his duty to the General Authority; much more must every man who becomes a member of any particular Civil Society, do it with a saving of his allegiance to the Universal Sovereign. We maintain therefore that in matters of Religion, no mans right is abridged by the institution of Civil Society and that Religion is wholly exempt from its cognizance. True it is, that no other rule exists, by which any question which may divide a Society, can be ultimately determined, but the will of the majority; but it is also true that the majority may trespass on the rights of the minority. 2. Because if Religion be exempt from the authority of the Society at large, still less can it be subject to that of the Legislative Body. The latter are but the creatures and vicegerents of the former... " it goes on and on. The above was only the beginning. And just how "orthodox" were many of our Founding Fathers? George Washington, oft quoted as a fount of Christian government opinion, was the Worshipful Master of his own Masonic Lodge. Not only were the Freemasons, then and now, strong supporters of church/state separation, but Freemasonry has long been deemed incompatible with orthodox Christianity. Of all these allegedly orthodox Christian founders, Washington was obviously not one of them. So, folks, there you have it. Have at me. :-) All of my points, I have substantiated by direct links. Nobody's posts will be deleted for offering a rebuttal or challenge to my position. "No union exists between church and state, and perfect freedom of opinion is guaranteed to all sects and creeds." - President James K. Polk, Inaugural Address, March 4, 1845. 47 comments from 13 users
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posted by
Hardliner4freedom
on Dec 18, 2006 at 02:04 PM
posted by
Dallas76
on Dec 18, 2006 at 02:30 PM
I scanned your blog. Sorta. Actually I just want to put my two cents in. Regardless of the your findings, and the foundation- many would like to think this is a Christian nation and should be seen as such. I am guilty of the same. Therefore the majority should rise and speak. I see the Catholic church as a threat, for it has become a large cult. I see islam as a threat for they want to wipe us all out. The Christians. So do we let them? Should we not dress for battle and fight for our own God? - call me an extremist, but we need a Christian Hitler. I am all for it, I would support, honor and defend. MY God, my beliefs as a Christian has been under attack. From the feeble ACLU to the Muslims. From atheists to satan himself trying to convince me God is fake, or dead. I stand proud, secure, and strong in my faith. And I would die for it if dieing is calling me. But I will not continue to be walked on, hunted down and persecuted. Fight fire with fire, or bow out and surrender. As for me and mine, we'll fight.
Dallas posted by
Hardliner4freedom
on Dec 18, 2006 at 02:33 PM
Hey, Dallas, welcome back. I am well aware of the number of folks who believe that ours should be a Christian nation or at least seen as one. The question at hand, however, is whether our nation was ever intended to be founded as formally Christian by design. As for your comment, "I see the Catholic church as a threat," when I see PaxChristi3 post, it can be enough, at times, to make a guy want to support your point. ;-) posted by
Dallas76
on Dec 18, 2006 at 02:57 PM
In an attempt to be UNbiased: I really can not say either way. I wasent invited to help write the constitution. So, me and jimmy was out fishing that day. Being Christian I'd love to say yes it was. I can not argue on any point, because I do not have any facts, nor did I ever study the subject. The catholic church however, I know enough about- to justly call an evil church. It is one of the oldest cults that I can say I am impressed by, but not in a good way. The papacy holds on to some really sick claims, such as the pope being equal to Jesus, and shall be "crowned with a tripple crown."
http://www.seventh-day.org/...
posted by
billthompson
on Dec 18, 2006 at 03:05 PM
Many people go to church for hope and friendship and to be around other caring people and hear a positive message. It is a ritual. It is a routine. They get pleasure in the message if it is true in the world we can touch and see and hear or not. It should not be the governments business where someone’s heart and mind is theologically. So it is a good thing that the It is also very pro-religious.
posted by
Hardliner4freedom
on Dec 18, 2006 at 03:10 PM
Billthompson wrote, "So it is a good thing that the Precisely. The two assertions, that we have separation of church and state and that we are very pro-religious, are not contradictory claims.
posted by
ProgressivePete2
on Dec 18, 2006 at 03:15 PM
You are a good American for providing us with a spot to discuss this topic without censorship. After the Treaty of Tripoli, there shouldn't be anymore confusion as to what the Framers intended this Nation to be. Free from government intrusion in religious matters. I guess there must have been some confusion then too. My question to the "christian nation myth" believers is this: What if the brand of christianity that this nation endorced at the time wasn't the same as yours. Would you feel comfortable conforming to someone else's beliefs? For example if this were a Catholic nation, how would Baptists or Protestants feel? They'd feel left out or excluded wouldn't they. What if it were the other way around? I guess it's a good thing the Framers got this one right. posted by
ProgressivePete2
on Dec 18, 2006 at 03:16 PM
posted by
Hardliner4freedom
on Dec 18, 2006 at 03:38 PM
Well, Pete, if Sam posts here, he can rest assured that he will not be deleted. BTW, it looks like Tony wrote a similar topic. The "featured blog posts" box on the People page has highlight all three of our opinions.
posted by
robbwillis
on Dec 18, 2006 at 03:47 PM
"America was founded as a Christian nation" As Joseph Goebbels said, "People will believe a big lie sooner than a little one; and if you repeat it frequently enough people will sooner or later believe it." posted by
TomW
on Dec 18, 2006 at 05:29 PM
posted by
NancyII
on Dec 18, 2006 at 06:31 PM
posted by
Hardliner4freedom
on Dec 18, 2006 at 09:00 PM
Tony wrote, "Understanding is a challenge sometimes. He's actually a pretty level Dude, when you boil it down. You and he, would probably get along famously, face to face." It's possible. I have a friend here in Bako with whom we just don't engage in electronic communications. Talking in person, everything's great. But talking in "Instant Messenger" (something that I haven't touched in six years), for some mysterious reasons, we were absolutely guaranteed to begin misinterpreting one another's words and intent within ten minutes. This electronic format does have its limitations. Sometimes people who make great friends in person end up being incompatible in cyberspace.
posted by
tonyh
on Dec 18, 2006 at 07:35 PM
You guys got something completely different out of Sam's essay than I did. He never said that the official religion of the U.S. was Christianity, or should it be. He said that Christian influence constructed our nation and that public Christianity shouldn't be stifled in this Country. He wrote a lot more words, but that's the jest of what I got from it. A lot of you guys were reading in things that, frankly, weren't there. Even the comments about the Jews in the ACLU were quotes from someone else (some Jewish guy). I think that Sam printed them to show that there are minority fringe groups everywhere, that aren't necessarily supported by the majority, that try to dictate policy. In an effort to be fair and thorough, he even pointed out the way-out fringe of the Christian religion. I gather that he doesn't have the time of day for ANY fringe group. I know a little about Sam. He's one of those "I'll tolerate you if you tolerate me" kind of people. Sam doesn't follow ANYONES' agenda, but his own. Isn't that what Freedom is all about? He's able to agree to disagree, so long as YOU can leave it at that. That's a lot more than I can say for most academics that I've met. About THE ONLY thing that he seems to be completely intolerant of, are Wife Beaters and Child Abusers. I'd even be willing to bet that, as long as you don't have your butt hanging out of your Daisy Dukes or wear eye makeup, he could even put up with Gays for short periods of time. He'd probably groan about it under his breath after you left, but I seriously doubt if he'd be the kind to get in your face about it. You know, "Live and Let Live", just don't force it down my throat. Periodically, he STILL writes things that I don't understand. Most, not all of the time, I can think about it, weighing in his personality, age, background and level of education and come to understand where he's coming from. I don't always agree, but that's OK. I still think that he's a very Wise Old Dude, and I like him.....................That's why I get wound up when you guys go off half-cocked. posted by
Hardliner4freedom
on Dec 18, 2006 at 07:41 PM
posted by
tonyh
on Dec 18, 2006 at 07:54 PM
H4F, As much as I value time in my life, I'd be willing to bet that, at his age, he values his time even more. You may have ( collectively, not only personally) already burned that bridge. When I was young, I had NO paatience for anyone or anything. At this point in my life, I have more patience than anyone I know, whose my age. I've also watched people with the patience of Job, lose that patience as they grow older. I'm sure that I will follow suit also. posted by
Hardliner4freedom
on Dec 18, 2006 at 07:57 PM
I'm actually inclined to believe most of what you said about him. As for any burnt bridges, I reckon a fire was set on each end of it. But enough of the personal tit-for-tat. I'm not going to bother his blogs anymore, unless he directly draws me into something. If something needs refuting, I'll do so here.
posted by
NancyII
on Dec 18, 2006 at 08:05 PM
I'm gonna be honest here. I don't read many of Sam's posts because they are extrememly long and don't have any breaks for paragraphs or pauses. That's like hitting me between the eyes so I tend to pass on it. It's not usually a problem because the ones who are against everything Sam believes in are quick to let us all know what he said. Although the "group" jumps on others at times, it pretty sad to see the majority of you ganging up on Sam the way you do. You can talk all you want about how he degrades you, hates the ACLU, makes statements about Chrisitanity but you guys do the same thing in general over things you believe in. Does Sam not have the right to voice his opinions and beliefs the same as you do? Just because he's poles apart from you in beliefs doesn't mean he deserves to be hammered the way he is. As for Sam..this business of deleting peoples posts when it gets too rough for you is very wrong. I know you have the right to do that (Jason said so) but why on earth do you bother? You know when you post that people are going to disagree with you so why post if you're gong to delete the arguments? It makes you appear churlish. A debate can't be a debate if you won't let it continue. Again...If Sam is a bigot, or hates the ACLU what does that have to do with you? Is it any skin off YOUR nose? When people here go off on rants of their own do they get lambasted? Only if they disagree with the majority of you. All it takes is one of you to attack and the rest smell blood and circle. How bout trying it the other way around? Or just ignore the posts you disagree with. It really is possible to just not read someone post when you know you're going to disagree. Try it sometime.
posted by
Hardliner4freedom
on Dec 18, 2006 at 08:16 PM
Heh, actually, I didn't start this blog topic to talk about Sam, except to respond to Pete that if Sam came here to post, he would not be deleted. As I wrote above, I'm just going to leave his blog alone from now on unless he directly pulls me into something. But here's the weird thing: Sam and I are not poles apart. I agree more often than not. You've summed up well enough my dislike for how he treats people. But enough of the personal evaluations from me at this time. I'll just leave him alone. Some people are just predestined not to get along, and I suppose this is one of those cases. posted by
tonyh
on Dec 18, 2006 at 08:25 PM
Nancy, Normally, that's what I try to do. I don't add to Dusty's posts much, because I hardly ever agree and I don't feel like wasting my time with a never-ending argument. Here's the thing about what I've seen on Sam's posts. Almost always, he gets attacked BY PEOPLE, ON ISSUES that they would normally 90% agree with. They just aren't receptive to the content. News Papers are written to the 7th grade level. Sam writes like an Ole' University Professor. Most of us don't keep ourselves accustomed to reading at that level. That's one of the many reasons that I really enjoy reading Sam's essays. They keep me sharp. If you're not accustomed to reading at that University Professor level, it's easy to miss the point. I like it because it pulls me back up rather than dumbing me down. Understanding is a challenge sometimes. He's actually a pretty level Dude, when you boil it down. You and he, would probably get along famously, face to face. posted by
NancyII
on Dec 18, 2006 at 08:29 PM
Geeeez...was I refereeing again? I can see both sides issues here. I'm in the minority a lot of the times so it's easier for me to see the circling begin than it is for you guys. It reminds me of the shoolyard kids where one yells "yore momma wears combat boots" so the other kids have to beat him up for insulting mom. It's not really fair to beat someone up because they are against your beliefs. Isn't that what everyone says they promote? Freedom of speech? Anyway H4F.I wasn't picking on you in particular...most of the time there are a bunch in on it. It was good of you to call a truce. posted by
tonyh
on Dec 18, 2006 at 08:29 PM
posted by
tonyh
on Dec 18, 2006 at 08:31 PM
posted by
NancyII
on Dec 18, 2006 at 08:36 PM
Tony..I don't doubt Sam and I would get along just fine. I enjoy talking with people who are intelligent and knowledgeable. My problem is I don't have the patience to read something that is entirely in block style with no indentations or paragraphs. It's not the content..it's just the difficulty in reading it that keeps me from getting into it. After a while my eyes cross and I'm lost. Since I don't read a lot of what he writes, obviousley I'm sticking up for him because he is vastly outnumbered for doing exactly what others here do. Voicing his opinion. He does have that right and shouldn't be constantly attacked for it. posted by
NancyII
on Dec 18, 2006 at 08:38 PM
posted by
tonyh
on Dec 18, 2006 at 08:39 PM
Nancy,......................He doesn't talk like he writes......................He's an "Old Okie" and a charmer. :-) posted by
tonyh
on Dec 18, 2006 at 08:41 PM
posted by
NancyII
on Dec 18, 2006 at 08:52 PM
posted by
NancyII
on Dec 18, 2006 at 09:34 PM
I've always said that without facial expressions, body language, and voice inflections, it's very easy to misinterpret someones meaning. What sounds clever and funny in person while you're mugging for effect can come of as smart aleck or hateful in black and white on the screen. We need emoticons on here. We do the best we can with colons and semi colons but they only go so far. I was told we have them, but they never work for me and I don't see anyone else using them either. posted by
mattloch
on Dec 18, 2006 at 10:57 PM
posted by
TomW
on Dec 19, 2006 at 12:18 AM
posted by
NancyII
on Dec 19, 2006 at 06:13 AM
Regardless of whether or not his statements are true, he is still entitled to make those statements under the constitution all of us agree gives us that right. If people read his writings and believe them, then your disagreeing with them isn't going to change their way of thinking. If you want to dispute what he says then by all mean, do so. But all the name calling doesn't make anyone any better than he is. As for "smelling blood on the water" oh yes. That's exactly what happens here. Once Sam has posted something that goes against your beliefs then not only one, but a half dozen people can't wait to express their outrage. A little redundant I'd say, but then of course you folks are always right. If I seem like I'm defending just Sam, that's not the case. Being one of the minorities on this blog, I disagree with a whole lot of what is posted here..at least politically. You say you can back up what you say and I say I can find just as much to dispute what you write. That's because we have different beliefs and see things from another angle. That's what this country is supposed to be all about. You know..freedom to say what we think and how we feel. Don't forget this is SAM'S blog and he is supposed to be free to say whatever is on his mind. You don't get to dictate to him what he posts and he shouldn't be attacked like a wild animal just because his beliefs are far, far, from yours. Argue with him, debate with him, but the attacks are unnecessary and against the very things you preach against. Intolerance and freedom of speech restrictions for example. As for him needing to answer you? Or to post his sources? Who died and made the bunch on here the end all be all? He doesn't OWE any of you an answer. Who decided that if you post something here you are REQUIRED by blog law to provide your sources? Maybe you don't give credence to someone who doesn't back up what they say with facts or sources but that doesn't mean they have to do what you say or be damned for it. Geeeeezzzz...why don't you just burn the books you disagree with while you're at it. posted by
tonyh
on Dec 19, 2006 at 06:33 AM
See guys, "Brown Shirts", Burned Books, Mob Attacks.....................Sam isn't the only one seeing certain traits in this behavior. Quite honestly, I see it too. This is the perception of those watching the attacks. posted by
mattloch
on Dec 19, 2006 at 08:31 AM
posted by
tonyh
on Dec 19, 2006 at 08:57 AM
posted by
mattloch
on Dec 19, 2006 at 09:59 AM
posted by
ProgressivePete2
on Dec 19, 2006 at 10:09 AM
. The great thing about this forum is that we are for the most part self-policed. Sam can certainly make his political points without the inflamitory statements and insults. If he were to do so, I seriously doubt he would get anything more than a rebuttal to his arguments, but without the insulting and jabbing. We've tried to get Sam to cool it with the baseless attacks, but he continues to post them. I'm glad that you both are defending Sam. We all need that from other bloggers, but statements like this don't do much to lighten the tone: [nancy] Geeeeezzzz...why don't you just burn the books you disagree with while you're at it. When someone mentions book burning, I take that as calling me a nazi or someone that is pro-censorship, and nothing gets my blood boiling faster than that. I have defended many opinions that I find disgusting or wrong because I truly believe that everyone has a right to free speech in this country even if I disagree. For anyone to say I don't support free speech is just flat out wrong. Sam called us brownshirts, which pretty much is way worse than simply calling someone a nazi, and likely intended to incite anger. He followed that up by deleting numerous posts that he disagreed with. If that isn't the pot calling the kettle black I don't know what is. The bottom line here is that no matter who we are, we can all find some sort of common ground to agree on. I've been quite suprised that a few conservatives here share similar views with me on things, but when someone continues to post false statements and lies about people or groups, there's gonna be a battle royale and we each have to make the choice of whether to jump in the ring or watch from afar. For the record, I'm more of a blueshirt than a brownshirt. GOLEAFSGO! posted by
Hardliner4freedom
on Dec 19, 2006 at 11:12 AM
One little interjection on the matter of whether we really understood what Sam wrote: 1. A mark of a good and effective writer is to see to it that the readers see in the article what the writer intended to communicate. 2. A large number of people, including myself, Pete, Andrew, Mattloch, Tom, and even Steve Swenson took his "Christian nation" articles to mean that Christianity should be the state-affirmed, state-established nation meant to enjoy special formal privileges. We see in his writings something a lot more "official" and overarching than simply the presence of a culture whose attributes are heavily influenced by the Bible. 3. Therefore, either premise (1) fails because Sam is not really a good writer at all -- since so many veteran readers here have misinterpreted his writings, or premise (1) succeeds -- Sam really is a good writer -- and really did mean to convey what so many of us have seen in his articles. As for who is "burning books," please. Had I and others merely pelted Sam with demeaning insults with no content challenging the statements in his pieces, I wouldn't have bothered to put it back, had he deleted them. However, what was being deleted was a well-formed challenge to the alleged authenticity of a particular Patrick Henry quote -- explaining in detail my reasons for doubting the authenticity. Sam chose to repeatedly delete a challenge to the factual nature of elements of his piece. He wasn't merely deleting "bullies" -- he was purposefully deleting factual challenges to his position. Who, really, is behaving in book-burning fashion? I'm not going to keep hammering on this topic, but the above needs to be said.
posted by
GotREALITY
on Dec 19, 2006 at 01:31 PM
Nice post H4F, As a member of the academic community it is important that our work is "peer reviewed." This means that anything that is presented in a scholarly manner might be challenged. This keeps academics honest. Granted it is a little different in the blog world but I am, like many others here, compelled to challenge statements that have no basis in fact. posted by
jasonsperber
on Dec 19, 2006 at 01:50 PM
posted by
ProgressivePete2
on Dec 19, 2006 at 02:07 PM
Oops posted by
srchinGod
on Jan 4, 2007 at 06:23 PM
whoah!!! got a brain ache from all that tit 4 tat thing going on.... I am not gonna get into it with no one just want to add my 2 cents on George Washington being a Freemason, yep that he was and so is 19 other presidents including Bush and his dad and Clinton and Kerry and Arnold....this is whats wrong with our country...their involvement in the occult. They belong to the Skull and Bones, the Bohemian Grove(up in Sonoma county, by the way where the flooding happened and ole Arnold spent so much $ on to save) dont take my word for it study it yourself on what these are all about. As far as Freemasons they dont even know what they are involved in until they reach 32 and 33 degree. They worship Baphomet, a horned goat (satanist) witches are into the same thing both backgrounds are mythology, Isis and Osirus...similiarity symbols and same ones, its why they all get along...The CIA is made up of the Illuminate, they create CHAOS to clean it up and look good to the public eye. It is kept from the news because the majority of the goverment, political parties, and know who's belong to it or have to be ran by them in order to survive (jobs, careers, etc... I do not need to have someone b$tch back at me research it yourself..I just am putting it out there for anyone that is interested is all..because what can be done about it? notta thing.... posted by
Hardliner4freedom
on Jan 4, 2007 at 06:35 PM
Then you might like this site: It goes into the issue of Freemasonry and refutes the "Christian nation" myth from a Christian standpoint. posted by
srchinGod
on Jan 8, 2007 at 06:15 PM
thanks I will check this out....did you read this book? So many claim you can be a Christian and be conformed to this world, that is such nonsense...Freemasonry is of witchcraft and it is ludicrus to believe they are the same..think not. posted by
Hardliner4freedom
on Jan 8, 2007 at 07:44 PM
No, I didn't read the book. I got my information from other sources. The book simply confirms it. Yeah, there is quite the appetite -- more accurately, lust -- for worldly power these days. We're a little past the peak of that fad, I think, but the power fad is still plenty evident.
posted by
sfinboston52
on May 22, 2007 at 06:52 AM
posted by
Hardliner4freedom
on Oct 5, 2007 at 07:02 PM
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