If we're talking a truely local health concern, then I would say a big local health concern is lung problems due to poor air quality. Valley fever would be another local health concern. Health insurance and obesity are national issues IMO.

 Honestly, I really see the BIGGEST concern is the lack of specialised medical professionals in this area.  If you want a doctor who understands your condition, you are told to go to UCLA or elsewhere.  HELLO, BAKERSFIELD!  We are growing by the day, and we need to train or hire the professionals to cater to our big city needs!  Coming home from the nation's most successful eating disorders facility was HORRIBLE, because doctors/dietitians/therapists here aren't equipped or educated in this sort of mental illness (which is secretly running rampant in Bakersfield).  It's left me hanging and spiraling down into an abyss without support!  Not only that, I've been DISMISSED by doctors who just simply don't get it and don't want to take the TIME to get it.  What a terrifying thought, when doctors are sworn to help others and never do harm.  (I'll also second your suggestion of the inability to get cost-efficient insurance, but then again, that's a nationwide concern!  As for obesity, it's also a national issue, but Bakersfield already has a LOT of resources to get help- bariatric surgery options, gym memberships all over town with personal trainers educated on how to help, dietitians specialising in obesity, OA, and even a whole Bakersfield Californian blog dedicated to it!)

I hope my reply isn't just an opinion, but can open eyes a little...